The layers of a commodity code
| Digits | Name | Who maintains it | Used for |
|---|---|---|---|
| 6 | HS code (Harmonized System) | World Customs Organization – the same worldwide | The international basis for classification |
| 8 | CN code (Combined Nomenclature) | European Union | Export declarations and trade statistics in the EU |
| 10 | TARIC code | European Union | Import declarations: duty rates, suspensions, anti-dumping and other EU measures |
The HS is organised into sections and chapters by type of product – for example, chapter 61 covers knitted clothing, so certain T-shirts fall under heading 6109. Classification follows legal rules (the General Interpretative Rules), not a product's marketing name.
Why correct classification matters
- Duty and import VAT: the code sets the duty rate, which adds to your landed cost.
- Restrictions and licences: some goods need certificates, licences or are subject to anti-dumping duties.
- Speed at the border: wrong or vague codes lead to questions, delays and possible corrections or penalties.
- Export: the code appears on export declarations and commercial invoices for shipments leaving the EU. See export logistics from Sweden.
Country of origin
The country of origin (COO) is where the goods are considered to originate under the rules of origin. It affects the duty rate – for example whether a preferential rate under a free trade agreement applies – and some product labelling. Preferential origin usually has to be proven with an origin statement or certificate.
Data your warehouse may need
A 3PL does not classify goods, but it handles data that customs documents depend on. For goods that will be exported from the warehouse, the item register may need to hold commodity code, country of origin, net and gross weight and customs value for each SKU, so that shipping documents can be created correctly. See SKU data.
Sources: EU TARIC database · European Commission – importation. This page is general information, not customs advice.
Frequently asked questions
Who is responsible for the commodity code?
The party lodging the customs declaration – usually the importer or exporter and their customs broker. A 3PL warehouse does not classify goods.
Is the country of origin the same as the country the goods were shipped from?
Not necessarily. Origin is decided by the rules of origin – often where the goods were wholly produced or last substantially transformed – not by where they were shipped from.
Can I get a binding decision on the code?
Yes. In the EU you can apply for a Binding Tariff Information (BTI) decision from the customs authority, which gives legal certainty on the classification of a specific product.
Short definitions in the glossary: Customs declaration · HS code – Harmonized System code · Commodity code · COO – Country of Origin · Duty – customs duty
This page gives general information about logistics terms. It is not legal, customs or tax advice, and it does not describe the terms of any specific agreement with Karlholm Logistics.